投稿时间：2021-02-18
修订日期：2021-03-26
网络发布日期：2022-01-11
中文摘要:青藏高原碰撞造山带中复杂的地质结构、深部矿产资源潜力和高效的勘查评价技术体系一直是地质学家关注的焦点,也是亟需攻克的重要科学难题。受国家重点研发计划-深地专项资助,在冈底斯成矿带甲玛斑岩成矿系统实施首个3000 m科学深钻。通过多次研讨和反复论证,确定科学施工位置、角度以及施工工艺。历时488天的施工,完成了科学深钻,总进尺3003.33 m。该科学深钻直接揭示甲玛超大型斑岩成矿系统3000 m以浅的地质信息:浅部为角岩型铜钼矿体、中部为矽卡岩型铜多金属矿体、深部为斑岩型钼铜矿体以及核部蚀变与矿化均不发育的无矿核。角岩中主要为细脉浸染状的黄铜矿、辉钼矿化,并发育黑云母化和弱绿泥石化蚀变。矽卡岩中从上到下具有清晰的分带结构,即石榴子石绿泥石角岩、绿泥石石榴子石角岩、透辉石石榴子石矽卡岩、石榴子石矽卡岩、石榴子石硅灰石矽卡岩、硅灰石矽卡岩、矽卡岩化大理岩。矿化主要为浸染状的斑铜矿、黄铜矿、辉钼矿。深部斑岩为复式岩体,主要为二长花岗斑岩,侵位较早,后被花岗闪长斑岩、石英闪长玢岩等以岩脉的形式穿切侵位。花岗闪长斑岩与矽卡岩关系最为密切。多相的复式斑岩体也揭示了甲玛斑岩成矿系统的无矿核。根据现有工业指标,科学深钻共计探获21层矿体,累计厚度583.46 m,以铜、钼矿化为主,局部发育钨矿化,同时伴生金、银矿化。甲玛科学深钻首次直接揭示青藏高原3000 m以浅的地质信息和斑岩成矿系统结构,为青藏高原地质结构研究提了科学样品,也为深部资源探测和勘查技术体系研究提供了关键支撑。后续将针对其开展详细的地球化学分析、地球物理测井、高光谱测量以及指针矿物分析等研究,并结合地表勘查评价成果,建立3000 m以浅的多元信息综合勘查评价模型,进而定位预测深部矿产资源,实现增储示范。
Abstract:The complex geological structure, the potential of deep mineral resources and the efficient technical system of exploration in the collision orogenic belt of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau have always been the focus of geologists, and they are also important scientific problems that need to be solved urgently. The first 3000 m scientific drilling has been carried out in the Jiama porphyry system of the Gangdese metallogenic belt, supported by the national key R & D program. Through many discussions and repeated argumentation, the location, angle and construction technology of the drilling are determined. With a history of 488 days of construction, scientific drilling has been completed, with a total of 3003.33 m. The scientific drilling directly reveals the shallow geological information of Jiama giant porphyry system with a depth of 3000 m: hornfel copper-molybdenum ore-body in shallow part, skarn copper polymetallic ore-body in middle part, porphyry molybdenum-copper ore-body in deep part and the barren core in core without alteration and mineralization. The hornfels are mainly vein and disseminated chalcopyrite and molybdenite mineralization with biotite and weak chlorite alteration. The skarn has a clear zoning structure from top to bottom, that is, garnet chlorite hornfel, diopside garnet skarn, garnet skarn, garnet wollastonite skarn, wollastonite skarn, skarn marble. The mineralization is mainly disseminated bornite, chalcopyrite and molybdenite. The deep porphyry is a complex porphyry, mainly monzogranite porphyry, emplacement earlier, and then emplaced by granodiorite porphyry and quartz diorite porphyry in the form of dikes. Granodiorite porphyry is most closely related to skarn. The multiphase complex porphyry also represents the barren core of the Jiama porphyry metallogenic system. According to the existing deposit industrial index, 21 layers of ore-bodies have been discovered by this scientific drilling, with a cumulative thickness of 584.36 m, mainly copper and molybdenum mineralization, local tungsten mineralization and associated gold and silver mineralization. Jiama scientific drilling directly reveals the shallow geological information of underground 3000 m and the deep structure of porphyry mineralization system in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau for the first time, which provides scientific samples for the study of the geological structure of Tibet and provides a key support for the study of deep resource exploration technology system. In the follow-up, detailed geochemical analysis, geophysical logging, hyperspectral measurement and indicator mineral analysis will be carried out, and combined with the results of surface exploration,a multi-information comprehensive exploration model with a depth of 3000 m will be established. Then locate and predict deep mineral resources and realize the demonstration of increasing reserves.
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基金项目:国家重点研发计划-深地专项(编号:2018YFC0604101)、西藏自治区科技计划项目(编号:XZ201901-GB-24)、国家自然基金科研项目(编号:41902097、41902101)、中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所基本科研业务费(编号:KK2017、KK2116、KJ2102)、中国地质调查局项目(编号:DD20190167)、国家留学基金委项目联合资助
引用文本：
林彬,唐菊兴,唐攀,周敖日格勒,孙渺,祁婧,陈国良,张忠坤,张泽斌,吴纯能,田志超,代晶晶,杨征坤,姚晓峰.2021.青藏高原甲玛斑岩成矿系统首例3000 m科学深钻的初步认识[J].矿床地质,40(6):1119~1134LIN Bin,TANG Ju-xing,TANG Pan,ZHOU Ao-ri-ge-le,SUN Miao,QI Jing,CHEN Guo-liang,ZHANG Zhong-kun,ZHANG Ze-bin,WU Chun-neng,TIAN Zhi-chao,DAI Jing-jing,YANG Zheng-kun,YAO Xiao-feng.2021.Preliminary study of first 3000 m scientific drilling in Jiama porphyry metallogenic system, Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits40(6):1119~1134
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