| 西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床斑铜矿特征及其成因意义 |
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| 引用本文：王焕,王立强,应立娟,郑文宝.2011.Features and genesis of bornite in Jiama copper-polymetallic deposit of Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,30(2):305~317 |
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| 基金项目:本文得到国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费（200911007-02）、中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（K0911）、国家973项目（编号：2011CB403103）、青藏专项（1212010818089）、中金集团重点勘探项目（E0804）的共同资助 |
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| 中文摘要:甲玛矿床是中国国内少见的以斑铜矿为主要含铜矿物的产于斑岩成矿系统内的铜多金属矿床。斑铜矿是该矿床内普遍存在的重要铜矿物之一，广泛分布于矽卡岩型矿石、（矽卡岩化）大理岩型矿石中，有少量产于角岩型矿石中。在硅灰石矽卡岩型矿石内，斑铜矿分布最广，含量也最高，部分矿段中斑铜矿的含量高达75%以上，并与硅灰石呈共生或伴生关系。斑铜矿矿石以细（网）脉状、浸染状、块状构造为主，斑铜矿与黄铜矿普遍构成固溶体分离结构。在不同类型矿石中，斑铜矿具有不同的颜色，角岩中的斑铜矿以蓝色为主，矽卡岩中以锖紫色、棕红色为主，大理岩中以紫红色为主。研究表明，斑铜矿颜色的多样性主要是由Fe含量、形成温度及固溶体出溶的黄铜矿的含量多少造成的。斑铜矿固溶体分离结构及矿床中硫铋铜矿形成条件的研究表明，甲玛矿床中的斑铜矿多形成于中-高温（225～450 ℃）阶段，少数形成于中温（175～225 ℃）阶段。金属硫化物硫同位素组成研究表明，该矿床内的硫主要为岩浆来源。斑铜矿矿物学研究成果表明，甲玛矿床的形成与中新世岩浆活动有关，是典型的斑岩型-矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床。 |
| 中文关键词:地质学 斑铜矿 岩浆作用 甲玛铜多金属矿床 西藏 |
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| Features and genesis of bornite in Jiama copper-polymetallic deposit of Tibet |
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| Abstract:As one of the most important copper minerals, bornite extensively occurs in the Jiama Cu-polymetallic deposit. Being rare in China, bornite serves as the main copper-bearing mineral in the porphyry mineralization system. Bornite is widely distributed in skarn-type ores and skarnized marble-type ores in this ore deposit, with a small amount of bornite existent in the hornfels-type ore bodies. Bornite most widely occurs in the wollastonite skarn-type ores, characterized by the highest content, with the highest content of bornite in some ore blocks being up to 75%. Bornite has a accompanying or paragenetic relationship with wollastoniue. Bornite ores mainly show fine veinlike (stock veinlet), dissemination and massive structures. Bornite and chalcopyrite generally constitute a detachable portion of solid solution. Bornite ores of different colors occur in various ore types. In hornfels it mainly shows blue color, while tarnish-purple and brownish-red colors are the main colors in skarn, and purple color is commonly seen in marbles. Studies show that the color diversity of bornite results from Fe content, ore-forming temperature and the amount of chalcopyrite melted from solid solution. The research on the detachable portion of bornite ore and the formation conditions of gladite ore in this ore deposit shows that bornite ores were mainly formed in the medium-high temperature phase (225℃～450℃), with a few formed in themedium temperature stage (175℃～225℃) in the Jiama copper polymetallic deposit. A study of sulfur isotopic composition of copper minerals shows that sulfur was mainly derived from magmatic sources in this ore deposit. Mineralogical studies of bornites have confirmed that the formation of the Jiama copper polymetallic deposit was related to Miocene magmatic activity rather than to SEDEX held by previous researchers. |
| keywords:geology, bornite, magmatism, Jiama copper-polymetallic deposit, Tibet |
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