投稿时间：2024-06-17
修订日期：2024-11-01
网络发布日期：2025-01-07
中文摘要:铼是一种战略性矿产资源，在国防和航空航天领域发挥着重要作用。四川盆地西南部沐川地区侏罗系沙溪庙组砂岩中，发育多层具有同沉积特征的铼超常富集层，其中铼矿化特征显著区别于斑岩型铜矿床中铼矿化，具有铼品位高，资源量大的特点。为查明铼超常富集层中矿物组成及富铼矿物特征，笔者选取沐川地区铼超常富集层中最具代表性的铁山埂铼矿床为研究对象，系统开展了多晶X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和电子探针（EPMA）测试等工作。研究结果表明，铁山埂铼矿床成矿期存在胶硫钼矿-黄铜矿、硒铅矿-斜方蓝辉铜矿、钼钙矿-钼铅矿-自然硒-孔雀石3类矿物组合，指示成矿流体由中低温酸性还原富硫条件逐渐向中低温弱碱性氧化贫硫条件转变。矿床中的主要富铼矿物为胶硫钼矿（w（Re）为0.01%~1.85%，平均值0.35%）、钼钙矿（w（ReO2）为1.02%~1.14%，平均值1.08%）和钼铅矿（w（ReO2）为0.49%~0.58%，平均值0.53%）。胶硫钼矿为最主要的富铼矿物，按形态可划分为鲕状胶硫钼矿、团块状胶硫钼矿、细脉状胶硫钼矿、雾状胶硫钼矿和环状胶硫钼矿。其中，鲕状胶硫钼矿中Re含量最高（w（Re）最高为1.85%），数量上则以雾状胶硫钼矿和细脉状胶硫钼矿为主。综合研究认为，四川盆地西南部沐川地区侏罗系沙溪庙组超常富集的铼矿是一种产于硅质碎屑岩中与胶硫钼矿关系密切的砂岩型铼矿床。
Abstract:Rhenium is a strategic mineral resource that plays a crucial role in national defense and aerospace industry. In the sandstone of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the Muchuan area of southwestern Sichuan Basin, there are multiple rhenium abnormally enriched layers with synsedimentary characteristics. The rhenium mineralization features here are significantly different from those in porphyry copper deposits, characterized by high rhenium grade and large resource volume. To determine the mineral composition and characteristics of rhenium-rich minerals in the rhenium abnormally enriched layer, this paper selects the Tieshangeng rhenium deposit, which is the most representative of the rhenium abnormally enriched layers in the Muchuan area, as the research object and systematically conducts tests such as polycrystalline X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The results show that there are three types of mineral assemblages of jordisite-chalcopyrite, clausthalite-anilite, and powellite-wulfenite-selenium-malachite in the metallogenic period of the Tieshangeng rhenium deposit, indicating that the ore-forming fluid gradually changes from medium-low temperature acidic reducing sulfur-rich conditions to medium-low temperature weakly alkaline oxidizing sulfur-poor conditions. The main rhenium-rich minerals in the deposit are jordisite (with a Re content of 0.01%~1.85%, averaging 0.35%), powellite (with a ReO2 content of 1.02%~1.14%, averaging 1.08%), and wulfenite (with a ReO2 content of 0.49%~0.58%, averaging 0.53%). Among them, jordisite is the most important rhenium-rich mineral, according to its morphology, it can be divided into oolitic jordisite, block-like jordisite, veinlet jordisite, foggy jordisite, and annular jordisite. Among them, the Re content in oolitic jordisite is the highest (up to 1.85%), and in terms of quantity, foggy jordisite and veinlet jordisite are the main ones. Comprehensive research suggests that the extraordinarily enriched rhenium ores in the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in Muchuan area, southwestern Sichuan Basin is a kind of sandstone-type rhenium deposit produced in siliceous clastic rocks and closely related to jordisite.
keywords:sandstone-type rhenium deposit Shaximiao formation mineral composition jordisite Sichuan basin
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基金项目:本文得到国家自然科学基金（编号:42172097）、中国地质调查局中国矿产地质志项目（编号:DD20221695、DD20190379）和西安市关键金属成矿与高效利用重点实验室开放基金项目资助（编号：300102272502、300102272504）联合资助
引用文本：
赵云彪,黄凡,陈郑辉,江彪,刘泽,赵晨辉,孟秋熠.2024.砂岩型铼矿床矿物学研究——以四川盆地铁山埂铼矿床为例[J].矿床地质,43(6):1390~1403ZHAO YunBiao,HUANG Fan,CHEN ZhengHui,JIANG Biao,LIU Ze,ZHAO ChenHui,MENG QiuYi.2024.Mineralogy study of sandstone-type rhenium deposit: A case study of Tieshangeng rhenium deposit in Sichuan basin[J].Mineral Deposits43(6):1390~1403
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