投稿时间：2024-11-20
修订日期：2025-03-12
网络发布日期：2025-04-25
中文摘要:义兴寨矿区主要发育石英脉型、角砾岩筒型和蚀变斑岩型3种金矿化类型，是目前山西省唯一的超大型金矿床。文章结合近年来的勘查成果，从成矿系统的角度，系统总结了义兴寨金矿床3种矿化类型的地质特征，分析了矿体定位规律，提出了找矿预测标志和找矿靶区。在矿区南门山一带识别出（含浆屑）熔结凝灰岩、流纹质熔岩为主的残留火山盖层，说明矿区剥蚀程度较浅，成矿系统保存较好。3种矿化类型地质特征差异显著。石英脉型金矿以走向近南北向的陡倾矿脉为主体，控制矿化标高从近地表（约1450 m标高）到300 m；铁塘硐金矿体为典型的角砾岩筒型矿体，具有上部矽卡岩化角砾岩和下部霏细斑岩-角砾岩的分带性；河湾蚀变斑岩型金矿体规模大（主矿体），以发育黄铁绢英岩化、赤铁矿化蚀变为特征，自上而下可分为角砾岩型矿化带、蚀变斑岩型矿化带（主体）和不规则脉状矿化带。斑岩体的成岩时代与金矿的成矿时代均为约140 Ma，构成了与早白垩世陆相火山-侵入杂岩有关的脉状-角砾岩筒型-蚀变斑岩型“三位一体”的成矿系统，霏细斑岩是金矿化的直接成矿地质体。斑岩体+断裂系统控制了义兴寨金矿体的定位，建立了该成矿系统的成矿模式。3种矿化类型之间互为找矿标志，特别是石英脉型金矿化分布范围广、出露近地表，且产于斑岩体附近，是寻找（蚀变）斑岩型金矿的重要标志。依据定位规律和找矿预测标志，提出了铁塘硐东等找矿预测靶区。
Abstract:In the Yixingzhai mining area, which contains the only super-large gold deposit in Shanxi Province, three primary types of gold mineralization have been recognized, namely quartz-vein type, breccia-pipe type, and altered-porphyry type. Based on recent exploration results, from the metallogenic system perspective, this paper systematically summarizes the geological characteristics of the three types of gold mineralization within the Yixingzhai gold deposit and analyzes the localization rules of the orebody. Further, we propose the prediction signature and target areas for prospecting. Residual volcanic capping layers mainly composed of welded tuff with magma fragments and rhyolitic lava were identified in the Nanmenshan area within the mining area, indicating that the mine area is shallowly denuded and the metallogenic system is well preserved. The three types of gold mineralization exhibit distinctive geological characteristics. The quartz-vein type gold orebodies are dominated by steeply dipping ore veins with a nearly north-south strike, the controlling mineralization elevation from the near-surface (~1450 m elevation) to ~300 m. The Tietangdong gold orebody is a typical breccia-pipe type orebody, characterized by the zonation of the upper skarnized breccia and the lower felsite porphyry-breccia. The Hewan altered-porphyry type gold orebody is large in scale (main orebody), characterized by the development of phyllic alteration and hematite alteration, with the orebody being divided from top to bottom into the breccia type mineralization zone, the altered-porphyry type mineralization zone (main body), and the irregular-vein type mineralization zone. The formation age of the porphyry and the mineralization age of the gold deposit are ~140 Ma, forming a “trinity” metallogenic system of vein type, breccia-pipe type, and altered-porphyry type related to the Early Cretaceous continental volcanic-intrusive complex. The felsite porphyry is the mineralized intrusion related to the gold mineralization. The combination of porphyry bodies and fracture systems control the localization of the gold orebody, and a metallogenic model for the metallogenic system is established. The three types of gold mineralization are mutually signatures for gold prospecting, especially the quartz-vein type gold mineralization distributed widely, exposed near the surface and yielded near the porphyry body, which is an important prediction signature for the (altered) porphyry type gold deposits. Based on the deposition patterns and the prediction signatures, the target areas for prospecting, such as the east of Tietangdong, are proposed.
keywords:localization regularity metallogenic system prospecting prediction Yixingzhai gold deposit Shanxi Province
文章编号：
中图分类号：
文献标志码：
基金项目:本文得到“紫金矿业集团矿山综合找矿预测专项-重要矿床类型成矿规律与找矿预测研究”（编号：4116-FW-2023-00035）资助
引用文本：
张会琼,王玉往,孙荣良,杨卫立,陈昱.2025.义兴寨金矿床斑岩成矿系统特征与矿体定位规律[J].矿床地质,44(2):299~316ZHANG HuiQiong,WANG YuWang,SUN RongLiang,YANG WeiLi,CHEN Yu.2025.Characteristics of porphyry metallogenic system and orebody localization regularities of Yixingzhai gold deposit[J].Mineral Deposits44(2):299~316
图/表
