投稿时间：2024-10-30
修订日期：2025-06-24
网络发布日期：2025-08-26
中文摘要:紫金山是中国东部规模最大的高硫型浅成低温金铜矿床，前人对矿床开展了大量的研究，取得了重要进展，成矿与硅化和高级泥化蚀变有密切的成因联系，但是，热液蚀变过程中元素迁移规律尚不明确。定量化研究热液蚀变过程中不同蚀变带元素的带入和带出，探讨其在水平和垂向上元素的迁移规律，有助于理解矿床的成矿机理。文章对紫金山金铜矿床不同热液蚀变分带典型蚀变样品进行全岩地球化学分析，采用质量平衡计算方法，探讨紫金山矿床中的元素迁移规律。研究结果表明，硅化带中TiO2保持守恒，相对富集FeO、As和Pb等，亏损P2O5、Al2O3、MgO、K2O、Co、Ni、Zn、Ba、Sr等元素。高级泥化带中LREE保持守恒，相对富集P2O5、TiO2和Sr等，亏损K2O、Na2O、CaO、Rb、HREE和Y等元素。其中，在各蚀变带中Cu、Au均有不同程度富集，且Cu、Au分别在石英-明矾石化带和硅化带中最为富集。成矿流体从矿床深部到浅部和从中心向两侧运移展现出的元素迁移变化规律，可为高硫型浅成低温金铜矿床找矿勘查提供一定参考。
中文关键词:元素迁移 质量平衡计算 高硫型浅成低温金铜矿床 紫金山矿床
Abstract:Zijinshan is the largest high-sulfidation epithermal Au-Cu deposit in eastern China. Extensive previous research on the deposit has made significant progress. It has been established that mineralization is closely related to silicification and advanced argillic alteration. However, the mechanisms of element migration during hydrothermal alteration remain unclear. Quantitative analysis of element addition and removal of different alteration zones during hydrothermal alteration, and the study of element migration patterns both laterally and vertically, are crucial for understanding the metallogenic mechanism of the deposit. This study conducts whole-rock geochemical analyses of typical altered rock samples from various hydrothermal alteration zones in the deposit and employs mass balance calculation to elucidate the element migration patterns in the Zijinshan Au-Cu deposit. The results indicate that TiO₂ remains conserved within the silicified zone, while elements such as FeO, As, and Pb are relatively enriched, and P₂O₅, Al₂O₃, MgO, K₂O, Co, Ni, Zn, Ba, and Sr are depleted. In the advanced argillic alteration zone, light rare earth elements (LREE) remain conserved, with relative enrichment of P₂O₅, TiO₂ and Sr, and depletion of K₂O, Na₂O, CaO, Rb, heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and Y. Notably, Cu and Au are enriched to varying degrees across the alteration zones, with Cu being mostly enriched in the quartz-alunite alteration zone and Au in the silicified zone. The observed patterns of element migration, as the ore-forming fluid evolved from the deeper parts of the deposit to the shallower and from the center outward, provide valuable insights for exploration of high-sulfidation epithermal Au-Cu deposits.
keywords:elements migration mass balance calculation high-sulfidation epithermal Au-Cu deposit Zijinshan deposit
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基金项目:本文得到国家重点研发计划项（编号：2022YFC2903601）和国家杰出青年项目（编号：41925011）联合资助
引用文本：
陈辉,谢桂青,刘文元,毛景文,朱乔乔,段士刚,陈洁.2025.福建紫金山高硫型浅成低温金铜矿床不同蚀变带的元素迁移规律[J].矿床地质,44(4):808~828CHEN Hui,XIE GuiQing,LIU WenYuan,MAO JingWen,ZHU QiaoQiao,DUAN ShiGang,CHEN Jie.2025.Element migration features in different alteration zones of Zijinshan high-sulfidation epithermal gold-copper deposit in Fujian Province[J].Mineral Deposits44(4):808~828
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