投稿时间：2024-07-22
修订日期：2025-04-24
网络发布日期：2025-08-26
中文摘要:幕阜山西南缘仁里矿田中的黄柏山伟晶岩型锂矿床是近年来新发现的锂矿床，具有较好的锂成矿潜力。针对黄柏山伟晶岩型锂矿成矿年龄及其成矿过程等问题，本次研究对黄柏山矿床46号伟晶岩脉开展了铌钽铁矿U-Pb同位素测年，并选择黄柏山46号伟晶岩脉和传梓源矿床中的锂辉石开展主微量元素地球化学测试进行对比研究。同位素测年结果表明，黄柏山矿床46号伟晶岩脉中的铌钽铁矿U-Pb年龄为（148.1±0.8）Ma。锂辉石主微量地球化学特征显示，黄柏山矿床中的锂辉石w（Li2O）为7.88%~8.01%（平均7.98%），主要的微量元素为Zn（4.70×10-6~14.4×10-6）、Ga（44.3×10-6~53.7×10-6）、Sn（4.20×10-6~23.0×10-6）；传梓源矿床中的锂辉石w（Li2O）为7.85%~8.06%（平均7.96%），主要的微量元素为Zn（13.7×10-6~25.3×10-6）、Ga（61.8×10-6~69.2×10-6）、Sn（15.3×10-6~22.3×10-6）。相较于传梓源矿床中的锂辉石，黄柏山矿床矿石品质更优，纯度更高。锂辉石中的元素替代关系显示，黄柏山锂辉石中存在Fe3+替换Al3+进入晶格，这可能是黄柏山高品质锂辉石形成的重要原因。在岩浆-热液演化后期，锂辉石可能遭受富Na+的碱性出溶流体的交代作用，但黄柏山矿床大量发育的断裂等构造使得容矿空间被破坏导致出溶流体快速逸散，对先成的锂辉石并未完全改造，Li并未大量流失。因此，上述因素是黄柏山伟晶岩型锂矿床能够形成高品质锂辉石的主要原因。
中文关键词:铌钽铁矿U-Pb年龄 锂辉石矿物学 成矿过程 黄柏山
Abstract:Located in the Renli ore field on the southwestern margin of the Mufushan area, Hunan Province, the Huangbaishan pegmatite-type Li deposit is a newly discovered Li deposit in recent years, and has significant Li minera-lization potential. The U-Pb isotope dating of columbite-tantalite collected from the No. 46 pegmatite vein of the Huangbaishan, and element content analysis of spodumene from the No. 46 pegmatite vein of the Huangbaishan and the Chuanziyuan Li deposit (also located in the Renli ore field) were conducted in this study, which reveal the mineralization age and process of the Huangbaishan pegmatite-type lithium deposit. The U-Pb isotope dating results show that the age of columbite-tantalite in the No. 46 pegmatite vein is (148.1±0.8）Ma. Major and trace elements analysis of spodumene suggests that the w(Li2O) in spodumene from the Huangbaishan deposit ranges from 7.88% to 8.01% (with an average of 7.98%). The primary trace elements identified are Zn (4.70×10-6~14.4×10-6), Ga (44.3×10-6~53.7×10-6), and Sn (4.20×10-6~23.0×10-6). In contrast, the w(Li2O) in spodumene from the Chuanziyuan deposit ranges from 7.85% to 8.06% (with an average of 7.96%), and the primary trace elements are Zn (13.7×10-6~25.3×10-6), Ga (61.8×10-6~69.2×10-6), and Sn (15.3×10-6~22.3×10-6). Compared to the spodumene from the Chuanziyuan deposit, the spodumene from the Huangbaishan deposit has superior ore quality and greater purity. The element substitution patterns in spodumene suggest that Fe³⁺ replaces Al³⁺ in the crystal lattice, which may be a key factor in the formation of high-quality spodumene in Huangbaishan. During the late stages of magmatic-hydrothermal evolution, spodumene was subjected to metasomatism by Na⁺-rich alkaline dissolved fluids. However, the extensive development of faults and other structures in the Huangbaishan deposit led to the destruction of the ore hosting space, which caused the dissolved fluids to dissipate rapidly and the hydrothermal alteration was incomplete. Therefore, lithium is avoided to loss, high-quality and purity spodumene could be formed in the Huangbaishan pegmatite-type lithium deposit.
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基金项目:本文得到国家自然科学基金（编号：42172085）和湖南省创新团队项目（编号：2021RC4055）联合资助
引用文本：
陈杰,邵拥军,刘清泉,熊伊曲,范志伟,陈肇华,胡立君.2025.黄柏山矿床46号伟晶岩脉铌钽铁矿年代学及锂辉石矿物学对成矿过程的指示[J].矿床地质,44(4):789~807CHEN Jie,SHAO YongJun,LIU QingQuan,XIONG YiQu,FAN ZhiWei,CHEN ZhaoHua,HU LiJun.2025.Geochronology of columbite-tantalite and mineralogy of spodumene in No. 46 pegmatite vein of Huangbaishan deposit: Implication for mineralization process[J].Mineral Deposits44(4):789~807
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