投稿时间：2024-03-01
修订日期：2024-06-05
网络发布日期：2024-08-23
中文摘要:低熔点亲铜元素(LMCE)，包含As、Sb、Bi、Hg、Pb、Se、Te、Tl、Sn等，在戈尔德斯密特(V·M·Goldschmidt)元素地球化学分类中均属于亲铜元素。它们具有亲铜性、电负性大、低熔点、半金属的特性。在金成矿过程中，这些元素与硫的亲和力强，多形成LMCE的硫化物、硫盐矿物、硒化物、碲化物和金属互化物，甚至形成LMCE与金的互化物和金的化合物。同时，它们在成矿流体中可以形成LMCE熔体，并对金矿床中Au的高效富集沉淀起到一种重要的桥梁作用。作者针对LMCE在金矿床中的赋存状态，总结了金矿床中LMCE富集金的特点，综合归纳了LMCE对金富集的成矿机理，认为在一些大型金矿床中，除了人们熟知的水-岩反应、硫化作用、流体沸腾、流体混合、有机成矿、岩浆脱气、叠加成矿等对热液金矿床的成矿起到重要作用外，流体-熔体分离、溶解-再沉淀、矿物重结晶、矿物表面吸附和元素替代等地质作用，也是LMCE在成矿过程中对金的富集重要机制。
Abstract:The low-melting point chalcophile elements (LMCE), including As, Sb, Bi, Hg, Pb, Se, Te, Tl, Sn, etc., all belong to chalcophile elements in the V·M·Goldschmidt geochemical classification of elements. They have characteristics of chalcophile behavior, high electronegativity, low melting point and semi-metallic. During gold mineralization process, these elements show strong affinities with sulfur, often forming LMCE- sulfides, sulfosalts, selenides, tellurides, and metal intermetallic compounds, and even forming Au intermetallic compounds. LMCE can form melts in ore-forming fluids and play an important bridging role in the efficient enrichment and precipitation for Au in gold deposits. The authors focus on the occurrences of LMCE in gold deposits, summarize the characteristics of LMCE-Au enrichment in gold deposits, and comprehensively summarize the ore-forming mechanisms of LMCE-Au enrichment. In some large-scale gold deposits, in addition to well-known processes such as water-rock reactions, sulfidation, fluid boiling, fluid mixing, organic mineralization, magma degassing, and superimposed mineralization, fluid-melt separation, dissolution-reprecipitation, mineral recrystallization, mineral surface adsorption, and element substitution are also important geological processes for LMCE-Au enrichment in mineralization processes.
keywords:low-melting point chalcophile elements occurrence state enrichment characteristic enrichment mechanism
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基金项目:本文得到国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点项目(编号：92062219)、国家自然科学基金面上基金(编号：42373072、42272095、4197303)和国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号：41730426)联合资助
引用文本：
刘家军,王大钊,翟德高,高燊,郑波,王佳新,张斌,王冠智,王泽琳,汪林炜,翁国明.2024.低熔点亲铜元素(LMCE)在金成矿中的作用及促进金富集的机理[J].矿床地质,43(4):712~734LIU JiaJun,WANG DaZhao,ZHAI DeGao,GAO Shen,ZHENG Bo,WANG JiaXin,ZHANG Bin,WANG GuanZhi,WANG ZeLin,WANG LinWei,WENG GuoMing.2024.Study on role of low-melting point chalcophile elements (LMCE) in gold mineralization and its promotion mechanisms in gold enrichment[J].Mineral Deposits43(4):712~734
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