投稿时间：2022-04-06
修订日期：2022-07-31
网络发布日期：2022-11-08
中文摘要:云南会泽铅锌矿是中国最重要的富锗铅锌矿床之一，已探明伴生锗金属量525 t，但锗赋存状态研究仍然存在颇大争议。文章以会泽铅锌矿床硫化物为研究对象，开展了锗的赋存状态和元素替代机制研究。通过资料收集、野外调查与室内分析，文章查明该矿床锗主要富集在闪锌矿中；富锗闪锌矿可划分为3个世代，其中第三世代闪锌矿锗的富集程度最高，其次为第一世代闪锌矿，第二世代闪锌矿锗富集程度最低；表明闪锌矿结晶顺序并非控制闪锌矿中Ge元素含量的主导因素。Ge元素的富集受矿物沉淀时温度、硫逸度、流体中Ge的浓度等因素共同制约。具有环带结构的闪锌矿成分分析显示，深色部位锗含量通常高于浅色部位，同时锗含量高的部位铜元素含量也较高，推测深色部位与致色的铜离子含量增加有关。不同世代的闪锌矿及同一闪锌矿不同部位的Cu元素与Ge元素含量均具有高度正相关性，结合元素沉淀时的物理化学条件及Cu+、Ge2+与Zn2+的离子半径相近的特征，文章认为闪锌矿中锗元素替代机制主要为2Cu++Ge2+↔2Zn2+。该认识可为今后研究稀散金属锗超常富集机制奠定基础，也为提高锗综合利用率提供理论依据。
Abstract:As a dispersed metal, germanium is widely used in multiple fields, such as energy, optoelectronics, national defense, military, aerospace and so on. It plays a key role in modern high-tech and national defense construction. Huize deposit with associated germanium metal of 525 tons is one of the most important germanium rich leadzinc deposits in China. The occurrence state of germanium is still under debated. In this paper, we analyzed the occurrence state and element substitution mechanism of germanium in sulfide from Huize lead-zinc deposit. Based on data collecting, field investigating and laboratory analysis, we found that element Ge is mainly enriched in sphalerite. Furthermore, the Ge-rich sphalerite can be divided into three generations, i.e., the first-generation sphalerite (Sp1), the second-generation sphalerite (Sp2), and the third-generation sphalerite (Sp3). Generally, the contents of Ge in Sp1 are lower than those in Sp3 and greater than those in Sp2, suggesting that the crystallization sequence of sphalerite is not the key factor controlling element Ge concentration. The enrichment of Ge is restricted by the temperature, sulfur fugacity, the concentration of Ge in the fluid and so on. The composition analysis of sphalerite with zonal texture shows that the Ge content in the dark parts is usually higher than that in the light parts within a sphalerite particle. The parts with great Ge content also show high Cu content. It is speculated that the dark parts are related to the increase of colored copper ions. The concentrations of Cu and Ge in sphalerite show strong positive correlation. By comprehensive considering the physicochemical conditions of element deposition and the similar ion radius of Cu+, Ge2+ and Zn2+, we suppose that the substitution mechanism of Ge in sphalerite is 2Cu++Ge2+↔2Zn2+. This study can lay a foundation for the further study of the extraordinary enrichment mechanism of germanium, and also provides a theoretical basis for improving the comprehensive utilization rate of germanium.
keywords:geochemistry substitution mechanism germanium sphalerite enrichment regularity Huize lead zinc deposit
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基金项目:本文得到国家自然科学基金项目（编号：41672093、41602103）资助
引用文本：
刘欢,张长青,吉晓佳,郭忠林,娄德波,吴越,张云付,李杨林.2022.云南会泽铅锌矿床闪锌矿中稀散元素锗的差异性富集规律研究[J].矿床地质,41(5):1057~1072LIU Huan,ZHANG ChangQing,JI XiaoJia,GUO ZhongLin,LOU DeBo,WU Yue,ZHANG YunFu,LI YangLin.2022.Differential enrichment of germanium in sphalerite from Huize lead-zinc deposit, Yunnan Province[J].Mineral Deposits41(5):1057~1072
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