投稿时间：2024-09-25
修订日期：2025-06-23
网络发布日期：2025-08-26
中文摘要:萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床附近岩石变形序列的厘定不仅有助于理解构造控矿过程，而且可揭示南天山洋闭合及随后造山的历史。文章通过对构造进行分期，以期建立矿区构造模型。矿区记录的变形为：D1，北西-南东向挤压，矿区内地层均受挤压发生褶皱，轴面倾向北西，塔尔特库里组和巴什索贡组表现为紧闭褶皱或透入性片理化，萨瓦亚尔顿组和托格买提组则形成宽缓褶皱，随后，沿褶皱轴面发育一系列逆冲断层。该期构造形成了逆冲断层分割的复式褶皱的格架。D2，北东-南西向挤压，形成了轴面倾向北东，枢纽向北东缓倾伏的褶皱，变形前侵位的辉绿岩形成于（396±25）Ma，确定了变形的时间上限。该年龄结合变形所涉及的最新地层（早石炭世托格买提组）以及萨瓦亚尔顿组Rb-Sr年龄（~305 Ma），共同限定了变形时代为中-晚石炭世。变形与成矿的关系显示，D1期逆冲断层及其次级构造是重要容矿构造，D2叠加变形造成了矿化带的不连续，属于破矿构造。结合区域地质资料，笔者认为D1形成于中石炭世南天山洋闭合及碰撞造山阶段，D2源于晚石炭世板块沿费尔干纳断裂的缩短过程。研究成果可为区域构造演化提供基础地质资料，并为南天山地区开展相似矿床的理论研究和找矿工作提供依据。
Abstract:Structural analysis and study of deformation sequences in the periphery of the Sawayaerdun gold deposit area not only help to understand the structural ore-controlling process, but also can reveal the history of ocean closure and subsequent orogenesis in the Southern Tianshan belt. On the basis of geological research in the Sawayaerdun ore district, stages of the structures are investigated and representative rocks are selected for geochronological analysis in order to establish a tectonic model. Deformation sequences recorded in the strata of the ore district is: northwest-southeast compression (D1). All strata exposed within the ore district are folded with the axial plane dipping to northwest. The Taertekuli and Bashisuogong Formations exhibit tight or overturned folds or penetrative foliation, while the Sawayaerdun and Tuogemaiti Formations form open folds. Subsequently, a series of thrust faults develop along the fold axial plane, indicating a top-to-the southeast thrust. This period of deformation formed extensive compound folds divided by thrust faults. Northeast-southwest compression (D2). This deformation forms a fold with the axis plunges inclined towards the northeast and the axial plane dipping towards the northeast. The pre-deformation diabase has an isotopic dating age of (396±25) Ma, which constrains the upper limit of deformation age. This age, combined with the latest strata involved in the deformation (Early Carboniferous Tuogemaiti Formation) and the Rb-Sr age of the Sawayaerdun Formation (~305 Ma), jointly defines the deformation age as the Middle-Late Carboniferous. The relationship between deformation and gold mineralization shows that the thrust faults and its secondary structures formed by the first stage (D1) are important host structures in the mineralized zone, while the superposition of deformation in the second stage (D2) causes discontinuity of the mineralized zone, which belongs to the ore-breaking structure. Based on regional geological data, it is believed that D1 originates from the closure of the Southern Tianshan Ocean and subsequent collision in the middle Carboniferous, while D2 results from the shortening process of the plate along the Fergana fault in the middle-late Carboniferous. The results of this study can provide basic geological data for regional tectonic evolution, and provide a basis for research and exploration of similar deposits in the southern Tianshan region.
keywords:structural analysis ore-controlling structure Late Paleozoic Sawayaerdun gold deposit Southern Tianshan Belt
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基金项目:本文得到中国地质调查局地调项目（编号：DD20242526、DD20242275）、国家自然科学基金（编号：42162013）和第三次新疆综合科学考察项目（编号：2022xjkk1301）联合资助
引用文本：
王东升,王刚,杨修治,陈懋弘,陈郑辉,孙岳.2025.南天山构造带萨瓦亚尔顿矿区变形序列及其指示意义[J].矿床地质,44(4):845~868WANG DongSheng,WANG Gang,YANG XiuZhi,CHEN MaoHong,CHEN ZhengHui,SUN Yue.2025.Deformation sequences of Sawayaerdun ore district, Southern Tianshan belt and their implication[J].Mineral Deposits44(4):845~868
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