投稿时间：2021-11-24
修订日期：2022-05-05
网络发布日期：2022-11-08
中文摘要:沉积型锂资源作为可利用锂资源的重要组成部分，由于其储量大、分布范围广而备受关注，但对于锂的赋存状态、赋矿沉积岩的沉积特征、成矿物质来源等成矿作用特征观点不一。通过对国内外沉积型锂资源成矿作用的综合分析，文章尝试总结出沉积型锂资源的成矿作用规律。综合国内外沉积型锂资源（矿床）的特征分析，沉积型锂资源主要赋存于黏土岩、铝质黏土岩及铝土矿中，部分分布于绿豆岩（凝灰岩）以及砂岩、泥岩等碎屑岩。锂在其中的赋存状态多样，主要以类质同象或离子吸附形式赋存在绿泥石、蒙脱石、高岭石和伊利石等黏土矿物中，个别为可开采的独立含锂矿物。多数沉积型锂资源沉积在湖相、泻湖相等低能的还原环境中，富锂岩石主要来源于岛弧类长英质火山岩和少量碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩，且源区母岩经历强烈的风化作用，沉积物可能经历再旋回的搬运过程。富锂岩石源于大陆岛弧环境，沉积于被动大陆边缘、裂谷或克拉通盆地。火山岩和含锂地层下伏的碳酸盐岩均可能是沉积型锂资源中锂的来源，成矿源区的不同造成了沉积型锂资源成矿作用的差异。
Abstract:As an important part of available lithium resources, sedimentary lithium resources have attracted much attention because of their large reserves and wide distribution. However, different views on the occurrence state of lithium, the sedimentary characteristics of ore-bearing sedimentary rocks, the sources of ore-forming materials and other metallogenic regularities occur. To analysis the mineralization of sedimentary lithium resources, we attempt to summarize the metallogenic regularities of sedimentary lithium resources. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the mineralization of domestic and foreign sedimentary lithium resources, it is considered that sedimentary lithium resources mainly occur in clay rocks, aluminous clay rocks and bauxite, and some are distributed in mungbean (tuff), sandstone, mudstone and other clastic rocks. Lithium occurs mainly in the form of isomorphism or ion adsorption. Lithium minerals are mainly clay minerals such as chlorite, semectite, kaolinite and illite, and a small amount of independently exploitable lithium minerals. Most sedimentary lithium resources were deposited in low-energy reduction environments such as lacustrine and lagoon. Lithium-bearing rocks were mainly transported from island arc felsic magmatic rocks and a small amount of clastic rocks and carbonate. The parent rocks in the source area had experienced strong weathering, and the sediments may undergo recycling transportation. Lithium-rich rocks were sourced from continental island arc environment and deposited in passive continental margin, rift or craton basin. Magmatic rocks and carbonate rocks underlying lithium-bearing strata may be the source of lithium in sedimentary lithium resources. Different metallogenic source areas also lead to different mi-neralization of sedimentary lithium resources.
keywords:geochemistry sedimentary lithium resources occurrence state sedimentary environment source rock of sediments mineralization
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基金项目:本文得到“锂、铍等战略性金属矿产资源成矿规律与预测评价”（编号：2019YFC0605202）、中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所基本科研业务费（编号：KK2216）和中国地质调查项目（编号：DD20221844）共同资助
引用文本：
张英利,陈雷,王坤明,王刚,郭现轻,聂潇,庞绪勇.2022.沉积型锂资源成矿作用特征[J].矿床地质,41(5):1073~1092ZHANG YingLi,CHEN Lei,WANG KunMing,WANG Gang,GUO XianQing,NIE Xiao,PANG XuYong.2022.Metallogenic characteristics of sedimentary lithium resources[J].Mineral Deposits41(5):1073~1092
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