投稿时间：2016-08-16
修订日期：2016-09-16
网络发布日期：2017-01-04
中文摘要:中国华南陆块江汉盆地的江陵凹陷和潜江凹陷以及江西吉泰盆地等裂谷盆地，在白垩纪—古近纪时期，发育了大量的蒸发岩，并形成了富含钾、锂、铷、铯、溴、碘、硼元素的卤水，这些高价值元素的含量多达到工业利用品位或综合利用品位，资源潜力巨大。这些资源的富集区域分布于华南陆块与新华夏裂谷构造的交汇处，同时也是华南花岗岩省与新华夏裂谷玄武岩的分布区。通过对该区域大地构造、火成岩、古气候、古地理特征与全球海侵事件等综合分析，同时结合盆地卤水化学成分的研究，作者提出华南陆块（地区）的中生代—新生代盆地（群）可能是液体钾、锂、铷、铯、溴、碘、硼资源的成矿区；成矿物质受到白垩纪—古近纪火山活动带来的深部物质及海侵事件带来的海水等多源补给，前者主要带来锂、钾、铷、铯等，后者带来钾及溴、碘等。华南盆地卤水中钾、锂等元素的富集是内生与外生地质动力作用的结果，即构造-火成岩-海侵-干旱气候耦合作用的结果，成矿作用过程可以归结为裂谷沉积成矿，主要形成富钾、锂卤水；埋藏阶段这些卤水通常转移到孔隙发育的碎屑岩、玄武岩及断裂带内保存，形成盆地深层卤水矿床。
Abstract:Large amounts of Cretaceous-Paleogene evaporites and subterranean brines rich in potassium, lithium, rubidium, cesium, bromine, iodide and boron were formed in such rift basins in South China Block as the Jiangling depression, Qianjiang Depression in the Jianghan basin of Hubei and the Jitai basin in Jiangxi. Most of concentrations of the highly valuable elements in subterranean brines have reached industrial grade or comprehensive utilization grade, indicating great resource potential. Most of these basins are not only situated in the conjunction of the South China Block and the Neocathaysian rift system but also located in the South China granite province and Neocathaysian rift belt. In this study, the authors conducted detailed and comprehensive investigation of regional tectonic features, igneous rock geochemistry, paleoclimate record, paleogeographic characteristics in the South China Block and global transgressive history, and carried out the study of the brine chemical analysis. On such a basis, the authors propose that the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins in the South China Block are the metallogenic province of brine resources rich in potassium, lithium, rubidium, cesium, bromine, iodide and boron, for example, the brines in Jiangling Dpression are rich in potassium (9.91 g/L), lithium (80 mg/L), rubidium (60 mg/L), cesium (25 mg/L), bromine (200.23 mg/L), iodide (73 mg/L)and boron (900 mg/L). It is inferred that deep materials brought by intense volcanic activities and pulsed transgressive seawater during the Cretaceous-Paleogene acted as the major provenance for these subterranean brines in the South China Block. The enrichment of potassium, lithium and other elements in these brines was promoted through endogenous and exogenous geological processes, i.e., the coupling of rifting tectonics, igneous activities, transgressive, and arid climate. The model will play a positive guiding role for the potash and lithium resources exploration in South China region.
keywords:geochemistry South China Block Mesozoic-Cenozoic Neocathaysian rift evaporite brine mineralization of potassium and lithium
文章编号：
中图分类号：P618.71;P619.21+1
文献标志码：
基金项目:本文得到国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目（编号：2011CB403007）和中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目（编号：YYWF201607）资助
引用文本：
刘成林,余小灿,赵艳军,王九一,王立成,徐海明,李坚,王春连.2016.华南陆块液体钾、锂资源的区域成矿背景与成矿作用初探[J].矿床地质,35(6):1119~1143LIU ChengLin,YU XiaoCan,ZHAO YanJun,WANG JiuYi,WANG LiCheng,XU HaiMing,LI Jian,WANG ChunLian.2016.A tentative discussion on regional metallogenic background and mineralization mechanism of subterranean brines rich in potassium and lithium in South China Block[J].Mineral Deposits35(6):1119~1143
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