投稿时间：2014-08-12
修订日期：2014-10-12
网络发布日期：2014-12-30
中文摘要:斑岩-浅成低温热液型铜金矿床是西藏最新发现的组合矿床类型,其具有巨大的找矿潜力。笔者在西藏多龙矿集区铁格隆南铜金矿床、雄村矿集区主要矿体系统地质编录、综合研究的基础上,对其矿床地质背景、矿体形态产状、矿物组合、蚀变特征、成岩成矿年龄等进行了系统的总结,在前人研究的基础上,提出班怒成矿带与早白垩世岛弧型中-酸性火山岩-浅成岩组合有关的铜、金、银、铅锌矿床成矿亚系列,以及冈底斯成矿带与早侏罗世—晚侏罗世岛弧型中-酸性火山岩-浅成岩组合有关的铜、金、银、铅锌矿床成矿亚系列,是西藏最重要的寻找斑岩型-浅成低温热液型铜金矿的矿床成矿系列。依据"缺位找矿"理论,预测多龙矿集区尕尔勤、地堡那木岗、铁格隆山是浅成低温热液型铜金矿床的进一步勘查评价区,色那、拿顿角砾岩筒是寻找独立高硫化型浅成低温热液金矿床的重要靶区。铁格隆南浅成低温热液矿体叠加在斑岩型矿体之上,高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床浅部发育多孔状硅帽和明矾石-地开石-高岭石蚀变组合,金属矿物以硫砷铜矿-铜蓝-蓝辉铜矿-黝铜矿-黄铜矿-斑铜矿-黄铁矿等铜硫二元体系矿物组合为主,其中黄铁矿-黄铜矿-斑铜矿形成较早,矿床规模可突破1200万吨。雄村铜金矿集区发育低硫化型浅成低温热液多金属金矿体,矿体呈脉状,或在火山机构边缘构造中独立产出,或叠加于斑岩型铜金矿体之上产出,以绢云母化、叶蜡石化、伊利石化发育,闪锌矿、黝铜矿、磁黄铁矿-黄铁矿为主要金属矿物组合为特征,洞嘎、普钦木-哑达是低硫化型浅成低温热液矿床的勘查评价区,深部有找到斑岩型铜金矿的可能。上述2套矿床成矿系列亚系列都与燕山期斑岩铜金矿床的流体演化有关,具有特殊的蚀变矿物、金属矿物组合,寻找独立的浅成低温热液型金矿是下一步需要重视的找矿方向。
Abstract:The porphyry-epithermal copper-gold deposit is a newly discovered deposit assemblage in Tibet, which has a great potential for prospecting. Based on the systematic geological records and comprehensive study of main orebodies of Duolong (especially south Tiegelong) and Xiongcun ore districts, the authors summarize such aspects as the geological setting of the deposit, the attitude of the orebody, the mineral assemblage, the alteration and the rock-forming and ore-forming ages. Based on previous studies, the authors hold that there are two kinds of deposit series which are most important in search for porphyry-epithermal copper-gold deposits in Tibet. They are copper, gold, silver, lead and zinc metallogenic sub-series in Bangong Co-Nujiang River metallogenic belt related to early Cretaceous island arc intermediate to felsic volcanic rocks and those in Gangdise metallogenic belt related to early-late Jurassic island arc intermediate to felsic volcanic rocks. Dependent on the theory of "absence prospecting", the authors predict that Gaerqin, Dibaonamugang and Tiegelong (all in the Duolong ore district) are further exploration areas for epithermal copper-gold deposits. Breccia pipes in Sena and Nadun are good sites for independent high-sulfidation epithermal gold deposits. Epithermal ores are superimposed on the porphyry orebodies in south Tiegelong, with the reserves of more than 10 million tons of copper. Porous silicon caps are developed in the shallow parts of the HS epithermal deposits. There are alunite, dickite and kaolinite alteration assemblages. Metal minerals are mainly dominated by the CuxSy binary system, i.e., enargite, covellite, digenite, tetrahedrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, pyrite and some other minerals. Pyrite, chalcopyrite and bornite were formed earlier. There are low-sulfidation epithermal multi-metal gold orebodies in the Xiongcun copper-gold ore district. Orebodies are veinlike in form and independently occur in the marginal structure of the volcanic agency and can also be superimposed on the porphyry copper-gold orebody. Sericite, pyrophyllite and illite are well developed, and sphalerite, tetrahedrite, pyrrhotite and pyrite constitute the main metal mineral assemblage in the Xiongcun copper-gold ore district. Dongga, Puqinmu and Yada are the exploration targets for low-sulfidation epithermal deposits. It is possible to find copper-gold porphyry deposits in the depth. The above two types of metallogenic series and sub-series are related to fluid evolution of porphyry copper-gold deposits in Yaoshanion period. They have special alteration and metal mineral assemblages. Prospecting for an independent epithermal gold deposit is the next aim of study.
keywords:geology porphyry-epithermal deposit metallogenic series absence prospecting copper-gold deposit Duolong ore district Xiongcun ore district
文章编号：
中图分类号：P618.41;P618.51
文献标志码：
基金项目:本文得到公益性行业科研专项(编号:201511017)、973项目(编号:2011CB403103)、青藏专项(编号:12120114050401)、地质大调查项目(编号:12120113093700)和中铝资源西藏金龙矿业有限公司委托项目的联合资助
引用文本：
唐菊兴,王勤,杨超,丁帅,郎兴海,刘鸿飞,黄勇,郑文宝,王立强,高一鸣,冯军,段吉琳,宋杨,王艺云,林彬,方向,张志,杨欢欢.2014.青藏高原两个斑岩-浅成低温热液矿床成矿亚系列及其"缺位找矿"之实践[J].矿床地质,33(6):1151~1170TANG JuXing,WANG Qin,YANG Chao,DING Shuai,LANG XingHai,LIU HongFei,HUANG Yong,ZHENG WenBao,WANG LiQiang,GAO YiMing,FENG Jun,DUAN JiLin,SONG Yang,WANG YiYun,LIN Bin,FANG Xiang,ZHANG Zhi,YANG HuanHuan.2014.Two porphyry-epithermal deposit metallogenic subseries in Tibetan Plateau: Practice of "absence prospecting" deposit metallogenic series[J].Mineral Deposits33(6):1151~1170
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