中文摘要:与超基性岩浆作用有关的铜镍硫化物矿床主要有两种成矿建造，一种为含铬建造，另一种为含铂建造。尖晶石类矿物成分的变化清楚地反映了这两类建造的成矿属性。含铬建造的尖品石属于铬铁矿-尖品石系列，含铂建造中则为尖品石-磁铁矿系列。从含铬建造向含铀建造转变的原因，可以解释为超基性岩浆作用中硫的作用增加，从而引起反应：4FeO+ S= FeS+Fe3O4（磁铁矿），同时分散性铀族元素的专属性特征也发生相应变化(Ru+ Os+ Ir)一(Pt+Pd)。因此，含铬建造中主要富含Ru、Os和Ir，而含铂建造中则富含Pt和Pd。超基性岩浆作用中硫的化学活动性增加与其碱度增加直接有关。因此，含铂的超基性岩大多数情况下与富碱的玄武岩形成共生组合。当富铁熔浆发生硫化作用时，将会导致硫化物与硅酸岩熔浆的不混融，从而形成矿浆。据此，金川含铂铜镍矿石不是该矿床二辉橄榄岩侵入体的分异产物，而是含硫化物纯橄揽岩的独立侵入体，后者也象二辉橄榄岩本身那样，是深部岩浆源的分异产物。
Abstract:There are two metallogenic formations for copper-nickel deposits related to ultrabasic magmatism, namely chrome- and platinum-bearing formations. Their mineralization is clearly reflected in the compositional variations of spinel group minerals. Spinels from chrome-bearing formations are of chromite-spinel series, while those in the platinum-bearing formation are of spinel-magnetite series. Contribution of sulfur to ultrabasic magmatic processes leads to transformation of metallogenic formations from chrome- to platinum-bearing ones and causes the following reaction: 4FeO+ S= FeS+ Fe3O4(magnetite). At the same time, the specialization of dispersed platinum group elements w ill take corresponding transformation: (Ru+OS+Ir)+ (Pt+ Pd). Accordingly, chrome-bearing formation is mainly rich in Ru, Os and Ir, whereas latinum-bearing formation is rich in Pt and Pd. The increase of sulfur chemical activities in ultrabasic magmatic processes is directly related to its alkalinity. Therefore, platinum-bearing ultrabasic rocks are mostly associated with alkali-rich basalts. When sulfurization takes place in iron-rich metals, it will cause immiscrbility between sulfide and silicate melts and lead to the formation of ore magma. Therefore, Jinchuan platinum-bearing copper-nickel ore-bodies are independent intrusives of sulfide-bearing dunites instead of being differentiates of therzolite intrusives in the deposit. Such independent intrusives are differentiates of deep magma source like therzolite itself.
keywords:The origin of copper-nickel sulfide deposits-exemplified by Norilsk (Russia) and Jinchuan (China)
文章编号：
中图分类号：
文献标志码：
基金项目:俄罗斯国家自然科学基金委员会与中国国家自然科学基金委员会联合资助项目“中俄铜镍硫化物矿床成因对比研究”（NSFC编号:49911121434;RFFI编号：N099-05-39086）
引用文本：
罗照华, A A马拉库舍夫, H A潘妮娅, 苏尚国.2000.铜镍硫化物矿床的成冈——以诺里尔斯克（俄罗斯）和金川（中国）为例[J].矿床地质,19(4):330~339.2000.The origin of copper-nickel sulfide deposits-exemplified by Norilsk (Russia) and Jinchuan (China)[J].Mineral Deposits19(4):330~339
图/表
