| 花岗岩与金铜及钨锡成矿的关系 |
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| 引用本文：张 旗，金惟俊,王 焰,李承东,王元龙.2010.Relationship between granitic rocks and Au-Cu-W-Sn mineralization[J].Mineral Deposits,29(5):729~759 |
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| 基金项目:本文得到中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室和国家自然科学基金重大研究计划（90714011和90714007）资助 |
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| 中文摘要:文章从对国内外若干与金铜钨锡矿床有关的花岗岩Sr、Yb含量的统计出发，按照花岗岩新的分类，归纳了花岗岩与成矿的关系。指出金铜成矿与埃达克型和喜马拉雅型花岗岩有关，钨锡成矿与南岭型花岗岩有关。其原因主要取决于成岩和成矿的深度以及氧逸度条件。金铜和钨锡成矿的深度不同，因此，金铜和钨锡不可能在同时同地出现，但可以叠加在一起。作者认为，成岩和成矿是两回事，成岩基本上是一个物理过程，而成矿主要体现为化学反应；成岩需要热，而成矿需要热、流体以及合适的矿源3个条件，缺一不可。在一个地区，成岩作用可以很普遍，但是，成矿可能很局限。成岩与成矿有关不是成因有关而是时空有关。成矿与成岩同时、或成矿早于成岩、或晚于成岩，都是合理的，而区分含矿岩体和不含矿岩体可能是没有意义的。文中还讨论了金能否来源于围岩的问题及找矿思路的问题，指出就矿找矿仍然是行之有效的找矿方法。 |
| 中文关键词:地质学 花岗岩 金矿 斑岩铜矿 钨锡矿 成岩作用 成矿作用 |
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| Relationship between granitic rocks and Au-Cu-W-Sn mineralization |
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| Abstract:Sr and Yb concentrations of grantitic rocks related to Au-Cu-W-Sn mineralization in the world are summarized in this paper. According to the classification of Sr versus Yb for [HJ]granitic rocks, the authors hold that Au-Cu mineralization may be associated with adakitic type and Himalayan type granitic rocks, whereas W-Sn mineralization may be related to Nanling-type granitic rocks. The crucial factors for different metallic ore deposits hosted in granitic rocks are formation depth and f(O2), Consequently, Au-Cu mineralization cannot be coexistent with W-Sn mineralization at the same time and in the same locality unless the two kinds of mineralization were superimposed on each other afterwards. It is considered that granitic rocks and related ore deposits might have been formed by two independent processes: the formation of granitic rocks was controlled by heat of source rocks, whereas the formation of ore deposits was controlled by three compulsory factors, i.e., heat, fluid and suitable metal sources. Therefore, ore mineralization is always restricted in certain localities. Au-Cu-W-Sn ore deposits may not have a direct genetic connection with the host granitic rocks. It is probable that ore deposits might have been formed earlier or later than or simultaneously with spatially associated granitic rocks. |
| keywords:geology, granitic rocks, gold deposit, porphyry Cu deposit, W-Sn deposit, lithogenesis, ore-forming process |
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