(1 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所 国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室, 北京100037; 2 长安大学地球科学与资源学院, 陕西 西安710054; 3 中国地质科 学院, 北京100037; 4 新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产勘查开发局, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000; 5 新疆地质矿产勘查开发局第七地质大队, 新疆 乌苏833300; 6 国土资 源实物地质资 料中心,河北 燕郊065201)
第一作者简介段士刚, 男, 1983年生, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事矿床学与矿床地 球化学研究。 Email: dsg1102231@163.com
收稿日期2015_08_23;
改回日期2016_06_23
本文得到国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号: 2012CB416803)、国家自然科学基金项目 (编号: 41203035)、地质矿产调查评价项目(编号:12120113090301)和国家科技支撑 计划(编号: 2011BAB06B02)联合资助
in West Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang
(1 MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Minera l Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; 2 Co llege of Earth Science and Land Resources, Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China; 3 Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, Chin a; 4 Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China; 5 No. 7 Geological Party, Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resource s, Wusu 833300, Xin_ jiang, China; 6 Cores and Samples Center of Land and Resources, China Geological Survey, Yanjiao 065201, Hebei, China)
本文对松湖铁矿床围岩火山岩进行了锆石LA_ICP_MS U_Pb测年与主量 元素、稀土和微量元素地球化学特征研究,并浅析了这些研究结果在成岩成矿时代、岩石成 因及大地构造背景等方面的指示意义。
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图 1西天山区域地质简图(据王大川等,2014) 1—中—新生界; 2—二叠系; 3—石炭系; 4—泥盆系; 5—早古生界; 6—前寒武系; 7—花 岗岩类; 8—高压增生楔; 9—蛇绿岩; 10—地质界线; 11—断层; 12—铁矿床; 13—国 界 YB—伊犁地块; NTA—北天山弧增生体; NMYB—伊犁地块北缘活动陆缘; SMYB—伊犁地块南 缘活动陆缘; CT—中天山复合弧地体; NTM—塔里木北部陆缘; ①—天山北缘断裂带; ② —尼古拉耶夫线—那拉提北坡断裂; ③—中天山南断裂 Fig. 1Simplified geological map of West Tianshan Mountains (modified after Wan g et al., 2014) 1—Meso_Cenozoic; 2—Permian; 3—Carboniferous; 4—Devonian; 5—Early Paleozoic; 6—Precambrian; 7—Granitoids; 8—High pressure accretionary wedge; 9—Ophio lite; 10—Geological boundary; 11—Fault; 12—Iron ore deposit; 13—Border YB—Yili Block; NTA—North Tianshan Accretionary Wedge; NMYB—Northern Active Co ntinental Margin of Yili Block; SMYB—Southern Active Continental Margin of Yili Block; CT—Central Tianshan Arc Terrane; NTM—Northern margin of Tarim Block; ①—North Tianshan Suture; ②—Nikolaev Line_North Nalati Suture; ③—So uth Central Tianshan Suture |
阿吾拉勒铁成矿带断裂构造十分发育,最显著的断裂是呈北西西走向的大断裂及其两侧发育 的一系列近于平行的断裂,共同构成了近东西向或北西西向的断裂带。此外北东向和北西向 断裂在区内分布也十分广泛,它们往往错断北西西向的大断裂,形成菱形的构造格局(张玄 杰等,2011)。与区域主要构造形迹相关,阿吾拉勒山的褶皱构造轴迹方向亦为近东西向, 规模较大的褶皱以开阔褶皱为主,规模较小的以同斜褶皱为特征(冯金星等,2010)。
阿吾拉勒山侵入岩比较发育,空间上以中部(查岗诺尔铁矿及以西地区)分布最为广泛,向 东西两侧减弱;时代上从东向西由泥盆纪为主,到石炭纪为主,再到二叠纪侵入岩为主。东 部主要为泥盆纪石英闪长岩,石炭纪花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、闪长岩及石英闪长岩,二叠纪花 岗岩等;中部主要为大面积的二叠纪花岗岩、闪长岩和石英闪长岩,少量二长花岗岩、正长 花岗岩,及少量石炭系闪长岩、花岗闪长岩(李永军等,2007; 杨高学等,2008;Zhang et al., 2012a; 蒋宗胜等,2012);西部主要为二叠纪花岗斑岩、闪长玢岩、闪长岩和少量 辉绿岩、埃达克质钠长斑岩(Zhao et al., 2008)
松湖铁矿矿体在地表有露头,主要圈定L1和L2两个铁矿体(图2),矿体与围岩界线清晰, 直接围岩为凝灰质砂岩和凝灰质粉砂岩。矿体北部下盘岩性由凝灰质砂岩、粗面英安岩和少 量流纹岩组成,矿体南部上盘由凝灰质砂岩、钙质砂岩、钙质粉砂岩、灰岩、含角砾凝灰岩 和流纹岩组成。矿体形态为层状矿脉,中间厚,边缘薄,发育膨大收缩、分支复合现象(图 3,图4a),与围岩层理整合产出或小角度斜切围岩层理。矿体围岩蚀变根据产出特征可分 为2种,一种是紧紧围绕矿体、在矿体两侧仅2 m范围以 内发育并且在矿体中也有同种矿物发育的蚀变,呈
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图 2新疆西天山松湖铁矿地质图(据王春龙, 2012) 1—第四系; 2—流纹岩; 3—灰紫色含角砾凝灰岩; 4—灰绿色凝灰质砂岩; 5—粗面英安岩 ; 6—矿体; 7—地质界线; 8—实测与推测断层; 9—勘探线及编号; 10—样品位置及 编号 Fig. 2Geological map of the Songhu iron deposit (modified after Wang, 2012) 1—Quaternary; 2—Rhyolite; 3—Grayish purple breccia_contained tuff; 4—Gray ish green tuffaceous sandstone; 5—Trachydacite; 6—Orebody; 7—Geological boundary; 8—Measured and inferred fault; 9—Exploration line and its serial n umber; 10—Sampling location and its serial number |
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图 3松湖铁矿A_A′勘探线剖面图(修改自王春龙, 2012) 1—流纹岩; 2—含角砾岩屑晶屑凝灰岩; 3—凝灰质砂岩; 4—粗面英安岩; 5—灰岩; 6— 矿体; 7—产状; 8—探槽及编号; 9—钻孔及编号Fig. 3Geological profile of A-A′ of the Songhu iron deposit (modified afte r Wang, 2012) 1—Rhyolite; 2—Breccia_contained lithic crystal tuff; 3—Tuffaceous sandstone ; 4—Trachydacite; 5—Limestone; 6—Orebody; 7—Atti_ tude; 8—Trench and its serial number; 9—Drill hole and its serial number |
本次研究的粗面英安岩样品采自矿体北部山顶,距离矿体约100 m,样品大致位于同一火山 岩层位,自西向东平均间隔约20 m;流纹岩样品采自矿体南部平台,样品位于不同层位,从 距 离矿体约60 m开始取样,样品自北向南平均间隔约15 m。本次采集的粗面英安岩样品呈深灰 紫 色(图4e),斑状结构(图4f),块状构造,斑晶主要由石英(约30%)、钾长石(约60%)、斜 长石(约6%) 和极少量角闪石组成,斑晶均有不同程度的熔蚀,是以含钾长石为主的钾质粗面英安岩,基 质为隐晶质,岩石发育轻度碳酸盐化蚀变。流纹岩样品呈灰紫色(颜色比粗面英安岩浅) (图4b),斑状结构(图4h),块状构造,斑晶由石英(约50%)、钾长石(约15%)、斜 长石(约35%)组成,基质由微晶_隐晶质长石和石英组成,岩石已轻度碳酸盐化。
火山岩样品的主量、微量和稀土元素分析在中国地质科学院国家地质测试中心完成。先将样 品无污染粉碎至200目,主量元素SiO2、Al2O3、TFe2O3、Na2O、K2O、C aO、MgO、TiO2、MnO、P2O5等采用荧光光谱(XRF)法在X荧光光谱仪(3080E)上测 试(RSD<2%~8%),FeO采用滴定法分析(RSD<10%),CO2含量采用硫酸汞溶液加热释气 法 (RSD<8%),H2O+采用双球管灼烧冷凝水称重法(RSD<8%),LOI为高温加热后重量和 灼烧后重量之差(RSD<5%)。微量和稀土元素组成采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP_MS)法 在离子质谱仪(X_series)上测试(RSD<2%~10%)。
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图 4新疆西天山松湖铁矿典型火山岩手标本和显微照片 a. 松湖铁矿体野外照片(拍摄方向面向东); b. 块状矿石; c. 条带状矿石; d. 团块 状矿石; e. 粗面英安岩; f. 粗面英安岩斑状结构, 斑晶 由石英、钾长石和斜长石组成 (+); g. 流纹岩; h. 流纹岩斑状结构,斑晶由石英、斜长石和钾长石组成(+)K_f—钾长石; Pl—斜长石; Qtz—石英 Fig. 4Representative photos and photomicrographs of volcanic rocks from the So nghu iron ore deposit a. Field photo of the Songhu L1 orebody (facing east); b. Massive ore; c. Banded ore; d. Taxitic ore; e. Hand sample of trachydacite; f. Porphyritic texture of trachydacite with phenocrysts composed of mainly quartz, K.feldspar and plagiocl ase(+); g. Hand sample of rhyolite; h. Por_phyritic texture of rhyolit e with phenocrysts composed of mainly quartz, plagioclase and K_feldspar(+)K_f—Potassium feldspar; Pl—Plagioclase; Qtz—Quartz |
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图 5松湖铁矿岩浆岩部分锆石阴极发光(CL)图像及测试位置 Fig. 5Some cathodoluminescence (CL) images of selected zircons from lava sampl es of the Songhu iron deposit |
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图 6松湖铁矿火山熔岩锆石U_Pb谐和图 Fig. 6U_Pb concordia diagram of zircons from lava samples of the Songhu iron d eposit |
流纹岩样品(12SH_36)锆石半自形到自形,粒状到短柱状,粒径一般50~100 μm,震荡环 带发育(图5b),w(Th)=39.06×10-6~127.99×10-6, w(U)=93.31× 10-6~93.31×10-6,Th/U=0.42~ 0.71(表1),具有岩浆锆石的特点。32个分析点的206Pb/238U 表面年龄在324~329 Ma之间,年龄相当集中,32个点的加权平均值为(327.3±1.7) Ma( MSWD=0.061)(图6b),认为该加权平均值代表了流纹岩的结晶年龄。
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表 2松湖铁矿火山岩主量元素和微量元素组成 Table 2Major element and trace element compositions of volcanic rocks from the Songhu iron deposit |
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图 7松湖铁矿火山岩硅_碱图解(a;Le Bas et al., 1986; 虚线为碱性和亚碱性系列分 界线,据Irvine and Baragar, 1971),SiO2_K2O图解(b;实线据Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976; 虚线据Middlemost, 1985),AFM图解(c)和A/CNK_A/NK图解(d) ●—粗面英安岩; ▲—流纹岩 Fig. 7Total alkali_silica diagram (a;after Le Bas et al., 1986) and dividing l ine for alkaline and sub_alkaline rocks (dashed line; after Irvine and Baragar, 1971),the subalkaline rocks further classification using the K2O_SiO2 diagr am (b;solid line after Pecceril_lo and Taylor, 1976; dashed line after Middlemost, 1985), AFM (c) and A/CNK_A/NK diagram (d)●—Trachydacite; ▲—Rhyolite |
流纹岩的w(SiO2)在73.72%~79.57%之间,w(Al2O3) 在9.61%~1 2.89%之间,w(Na2O+K2O)在3.80%~6.23%之间。A/CNK在0.73~1.25之 间,3个样品准铝质,2个样品过铝质,AR=1.74~2.70,σ=0.46~1.19,属于钙 碱性岩 石,在SiO2_K2O图解中投影于钙碱性系列和低钾(拉斑)系列分界线附近,在AFM图解 中显示钙碱性岩石系列特征(图7)。流纹岩稀土总量变化范围稍大,ΣREE=21.12×10 -6~96.52×10-6,轻稀土元素富集,LREE/HREE=2.77~8.59,具Eu负异常 ,δEu=0.49~0.67,在球粒陨石标准化配分图解中(图8),轻稀土元素呈 明显的右倾型式分布,重稀土元素近似平坦。原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图显示,流纹岩 富集Rb、Th、U、K、轻稀土元素(La、Ce、Nd、Sm)、Zr、Hf,显示Ba、Ta、Nb、Sr、P、T i负异常。
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图 8松湖铁矿火山岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图(a. 粗面英安岩; b. 流纹岩) 和原 始地幔标准化的微量元素蛛网 图(c. 粗面英安岩;d. 流纹岩; 标准值自Sun et al., 19 89) Fig. 8Chondrite_normalized REE distribution patterns (a. Trachydacite; b. Ryho lite) and primitive mantle_normalized trace element spider diagram (c. Trachyd acite; d. Rhyolite) (after Sun et al., 1989) of volcanic rocks from the Songhu iron deposit |
关于松湖铁矿的成因,存在火山喷流沉积型(王军年等,2009;单强等,2009)和海相火山 热液型(王春龙,2012;朱维娜,2014)的争议。如果松湖铁矿为火山喷流沉积成因,那么 松湖铁矿年龄应介于上、下盘火山岩围岩年龄之间,即在327 Ma左右。如果松湖铁矿为后生 的火山热液型铁矿,那么它的年龄应晚于327 Ma。笔者根据以下几点推断松湖铁矿为 后生热液矿床 :松湖铁矿体并非完全顺层发育,而是小角度穿切围岩层理,这在Fe2号矿体表现更为明显 ,因此具有后生矿床的特点;矿体两侧均发育强烈蚀变,且蚀变具有很好的分带性,出现阳 起石、绿帘石等矽卡岩蚀变矿物;流体包裹体显微测温结果显示,石英中原生气液两相包裹 体均一温度集中在200~240℃,最高达355℃(王春龙,2012),而围岩显示紫红色、形成 于 滨浅海相环境,这种温度的成矿流体在滨浅海环境会因沸腾而无法成矿,因此不可能发生喷 流沉积成矿;围岩凝灰质砂岩、砂屑灰岩、钙质粉砂岩和粉晶_鲕粒灰岩发育粒序层理、水 平层理和波纹状斜层理,凝灰质砂岩粒度较粗,粉晶_鲕粒灰岩中同心鲕、放射鲕、变形鲕 共生,表明沉积环境为能量较强、水体动荡的环境,并非形成于一个宁静的盆地内,与喷流 沉积型矿床要求的盆地中静海和低能环境不一致,因此围岩岩相不支持喷流沉积成矿观点。 松湖铁矿火山岩年龄对确定松湖铁矿年龄有一定的限定意义。所以,松湖铁矿应该在327 Ma 之后形成。
阿吾拉勒铁矿带铁矿床具有诸多相似性,成矿 可能与同一地质事件有关(Zhang et al., 20 12b),因此成矿时代可能会比较接近。洪为等(2012)对查岗诺尔矿区的石榴子石进行了S m_Nd同位素等时线测年,获得(316±7) Ma的等时线年龄,张喜(2013)在查岗诺尔铁矿获 得蚀变岩全岩矿物Sm_Nd等时线年龄为(313±7) Ma。对于智博铁矿,Zhang等(2012a)认为 (320.3±2.5) Ma的花岗岩脉切断了智博矿区15号铁矿体,但Duan等(2014)认为,智博 矿 区铁矿中的花岗岩类岩脉有2种,一种为早于矿化的花岗岩脉,特点是其内发育绿帘石脉, 并且暗色矿物(黑云母或角闪石)均已绿泥石化,对应于Zhang等(2012a)的(320.3±2. 5) Ma的花岗岩脉;另一种为晚于矿化的花岗斑岩脉和闪长岩脉,蚀变不发育,其中花岗斑 岩脉 为斑状结构,斑晶为酸性长石,基质微晶质,可能对应于Zhang等(2012a)的(294.5±1. 6) Ma的花岗岩脉,而闪长岩脉锆石LA_ICP_MS U_Pb年龄为(305.0±1.1) Ma(蒋宗胜等,20 12)。因此,Duan等(2014)推测智博铁矿矿化年龄在320~305 Ma之间。该推测受到了蒋 宗胜 (2 014)在智博铁矿开展的榍石LA_ICP_MS原位U_Pb测年结果的支持。蒋宗胜(2014)获得智博 铁矿榍石LA_ICP_MS U_Pb同位素年龄分别为(310.0±2.1) Ma、(310.6±2.6) Ma、(315 .2± 2.8) Ma。雾岭铁矿体产在闪长岩接触带,闪长岩锆石LA_ICP_MS U_Pb年龄为(307.7±0. 8) Ma(段士刚等,2014b),可以代表雾岭铁矿的年龄。最近,笔者在备战铁矿挑选了5件 自形 粗粒黄铁矿进行Re_Os同位素测年,获得5个近似相等的Re_Os模式年龄,为302.4~305.3 Ma,加 权平均年龄为(303.7±1.6 Ma)(尚未发表)。综上可见,阿吾拉勒铁矿带内铁矿成矿时 代集中在晚石炭世。因此,有理由认为松湖铁矿亦在晚石炭世成矿。
花岗岩质岩石的Sr、Yb地球化学特征可大概指示花岗质岩浆形成时的压力条件(张旗等,20 06)。粗面英安岩具有非常低Sr高Yb(w(Sr)<100×10-6,w(Yb) >2×10-6)的特征,表明岩浆形成的压力较低,深度较浅(<15 km);流纹岩一个 样品为非常低Sr高Yb型(样品12SH37),其他样品为低Sr低Yb型(w(Sr)<120×1 0-6,w(Yb)<2×10-6),表明岩浆在中等压力或更低压力下形成( 可能≤30 km)(张旗等,2006)。
元素Nb和Ta电价相同,离子半径相近,在岩浆演化过程中具有相似的地球化学行为,Nb/Ta 比值相当稳定。源于地幔的岩浆熔体Nb/Ta比值为17.5 ± 2.0(Hofmann, 1988; Dostal et al., 2000),大陆地壳和源于大陆地壳的岩浆熔体Nb/Ta的比值明显变低,约为11(Taylo r et al., 1985; Green, 1995;单强等,2011)。松湖铁矿区粗面英安岩和流纹岩Nb/Ta比 值分别为10.8~11.4和8.5~9.7,与大陆地壳Nb/Ta比值非常接近,指示成岩物质主要来 源于 地壳。粗面英安岩与流纹岩在稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图和原始地幔标准化的微量元素 蛛网图中不同的变化趋势(图8),暗示两者可能为不同物质熔融的产物。粗面英安岩具有 较高的Th含量(≥8.1×10-6)和高的Th/Ce比值(≥0.31),与上地壳Th/Ce比 值≥0.2一致(Kerrich et al., 1999),表明粗面英安岩母岩浆可能是上地壳部分熔融 的 产物。流纹岩母岩浆可能源于比粗面英安岩母岩浆更深的地壳的部分熔融。在查岗诺尔铁矿 ,相近时代 的流纹岩与大量安山岩和少量玄武岩共生,流纹岩与玄武岩在地球化学特征和Sr、Nd同位素 组成方面均不一致,流纹岩εNd(t)=1.75~2.07,初始Sr同位素( 87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7089~ 0.7163,汪帮耀等(2011)认为玄武岩、安山 岩、流纹岩来自不同的源区。流纹岩正εNd(t)值特点与中亚造山带显生宙 花岗岩相似,具有“初生"特点(Jahn et al., 2000),可能源于新生玄武质地壳的 部分熔融。因此,松湖粗面英安岩和流纹岩可能由玄武质岩浆底侵作用下 的上、中地壳岩石不同程度的部分熔融 形成。酸性岩浆在形成过程中地壳混染和分离结晶是 常见现象(孟凡超等,2010)。但松湖粗面英安岩和流纹岩在 部分熔融-结晶分离曲线上分 别构成一条较好的斜线(图9),结合二者源区的中、低压特征,指示平衡部分熔融作用在 二者形成中具有重要作用。粗面英安岩和流纹岩亏损Sr、Ba,显示中等Eu负异常,可能暗示 源区有斜长石残留或经历过斜长石结晶分离;Ti、Nb、Ta的亏损表明有富钛矿物相(如金红 石和/或钛铁矿)在源区残留或结晶分离。
松湖铁矿粗面英安岩和流纹岩在w(CaO)_w(TFeO+MgO) 构造环境判别图解 (Maniar et al., 1989)中投影在岛弧、大陆弧和大陆碰撞花岗岩范围内,在Rb/10_Hf_Ta ×3构造环境判别图解(Harris et al., 1986)中落在火山弧花岗岩范围内,在Pearce等( 1984)的Y_Nb和Yb_Ta构造环境判别图解中位于火山弧花岗岩范围内(图10)。结合阿吾拉 勒山位于伊犁地块之内的地质事实,
本文认为松湖地区下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩形成于大陆弧环境。
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图 9松湖铁矿火山岩平衡部分熔融作用判别曲线 (据赵振华等,1997) ●—粗面英安岩; ▲—流纹岩 Fig. 9Curve of balanced partial melting volcanic rocks from the Songhu iron deposit(after Zhao et al., 1997) ●—Trachydacite; ▲—Rhyolite |
大哈拉军山组火山岩形成于大陆弧环境的认识与西天山地区诸多地质现象吻合。例如,西天 山地区大哈拉军山组火山岩石地球化学普遍富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损Nb、Ta 、Zr和Hf等高场强元素,显示火山弧岩浆岩地球化学特征,并在一系列构造环境判别图解中 投影在火山弧范围内(孙林华等,2007;安芳等,2008;Zhu et al., 2009;段士刚,2011 ;汪帮耀等,2011;蒋宗胜,2014);在北部的阿拉套山艾比湖一带发育正常岛弧安山岩_ 英安岩_流纹岩组合和320 Ma的埃达克岩_高镁安山岩_富Nb玄武质岩组合(Wang et al., 20 07);在伊犁地块南、北缘均保留有证明古缝合线存在的早石炭世蛇绿岩套,如南缘的欧西 达坂蛇绿岩中辉长岩的Ar_Ar坪年龄331 Ma(王学潮等,1995),黑英山阿尔滕卡什组硅质 岩 中发现大量早石炭世放射虫化石(Liu, 2001),证明早石炭世南天山洋盆仍然存在(高俊 等,2006)。伊犁地块北缘也发现有蛇绿岩,其中巴音沟蛇绿混杂岩中堆晶辉 长岩年龄为34 4 Ma(徐学义等,2006a),斜长花岗岩年龄为325 Ma(徐学义等,2006b),硅质岩中发现 大量早石炭世放射虫化石(肖序常等,1992),可能是向伊犁微陆块之下俯冲的北天山洋存在 的证据(高俊等,2009)。
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图 10松湖火山岩w(CaO)_w(TFeO+MgO)(a, 据Maniar et al., 1989)、Rb/10_ Hf_Ta×3(b, 据Harris et al., 1986)、 Y_Nb(c)和Yb_Ta(d, 据Pearce et al., 1984)构造 环境判别图解 ●—粗面英安岩; ▲—流纹岩 Fig. 10w(CaO)_w(TFeO+MgO) (a,Maniar et al., 1989), Rb/10_Hf_T a×3 (b,Harris et al., 1986), Y_Nb(c) and Yb_Ta geotectonic discrimination d iagrams (d,Pearce et al., 1984) for volcanic rocks from the Songhu iron deposit ●—Trachydacite; ▲—Rhyolite |
(2) 锆石饱和温度计算结果和Sr、Yb、Nb、Ta、Th、Ce等元素特征显示,松湖铁矿区粗面 英安岩母岩浆可能是上地壳部分熔融的产物,流纹岩母岩浆可能源于比粗面英安岩母岩浆更 深的地壳的部分熔融。
(3) 松湖铁矿区粗面英安岩和流纹岩具有弧火 山岩的地球化学特征,结合构造环境判别图解和区 域地质情况,推断其形成于大陆弧环境。
志谢在野外工作中得到了新疆第三地质大队石福品总工程师的帮助,在此表示 衷心的感谢!感谢2位审稿人对
本文的评论和提出的修改意见。
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